Vyommitra - ISRO Gaganyaan Unmanned Mission

On 23 Jan 2020 Vyomamitra a Robot/Half Humanoid created for Un-Manned Mission to space as part of Gaganyaan Project was presented for people to observe/interact at the inaugural session of the “Human Spaceflight and Exploration – Present Challenges and Future Trends” held in Bengaluru.
Vyomamitra, a combination of two Sanskrit words Vyom (Space) and Mitra (Friend).
“Hello everyone. I am Vyomamitra, the prototype of the half-humanoid, been made for the first unmanned Gaganyaan mission,” the robot said.
Explaining about the role in the mission, she said, “I can monitor crew module parameters, alert you and perform life support operations. I can perform activities like switch panel operations…”

Dr Jitendra Singh Union Minister of State (Ind Charge) for Development of North Eastern Region. MoS PMO, Govt. of India said "In the run up to the first Human Space Mission by India at @isro ... 'Vyommitra', the humanoid for #Gaganyaan unveiled. This prototype of humanoid will go as trial before Gaganyaan goes with Astronauts".








Image Source : ISRO/Times of India

Talking to Indian Express Click an ISRO scientist explained that the primary objective of the robot is to mimic crew activity. “She can also operate switches, and do other activities like replacing carbon-dioxide canisters in case of emergency. Her ability to have seamless interactions with astronauts and ground operations with the help of voice command is another major highlight of this half-humanoid,” the scientist said.

whereas in of its Documents of 2018  ISRO  stated : 
A half Vyomnoid with Sensing and perception of surroundings with 3D vision and
Dexterous manipulative abilities to carry out defined crew functions in an unmanned
mission or assist crew in manned missions. Design & Realization of FULL Vyomnoid with
features that include full autonomy with 3D vision, dynamically controlled movement in
zero ‘g’, Artificial Intelligence / Machine Learning enabled real-time decision making with
vision optimization and path planning algorithms.

Develop state-of-the-art technologies for
1. sensing & perception
2. Dexterous manipulation
3. Hierarchical Control system
4. Artificial Intelligence enabled algorithms


NASA/SPACEX – Unmanned Test 19 Jan 2020 – 8.30 p.m. - Watch Live

 Today SpaceX 19th Jan 2020 8.30pm SPACEX plans to do an “in-flight test of Crew Dragon’s launch escape capabilities” from NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida.. This Launch was planned to be conducted on 17 Jan but was postponed due to weather conditions at launch center. This Year in March 2020 a manned mission with astronauts is scheduled.
Hence today 19 Jan 2020 today “in-flight test” SPACEX wants to demonstrate how in a unlikely event of an emergency during a real launch the crew system will be protected and carry astronauts to safety detached from the launch vehicle.

What will happen today? ANIMATION: Interestingly a real Falcon 9 Launch Vehicle with “Crew Dragon” spacecraft will be purposefully failed and the crew dragon will separate from the launch vehicle called “Falcon 9”. Here is the ANIMATION of what exactly will happen today https://youtu.be/OtcnBSsjHmk  . “Crew Dragon” is name of the spacecraft with ability to carry upto Seven People and planned to be used by NASA as part of Commercial Contract with SPACEX. 

HOW TO WATCH LIVE: If launch is not postponed you can watch this live CLICK here 8.30 pm 19 Jan 2020 onwards https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mhrkdHshb3E

Why it’s important?  This test LIVE ON YOUTUBE AT 19 Jan 2020 8.30pm is a unmanned mission i.e. does not have NASA astronauts onboard the spacecraft but will demonstrate the spacecraft “Crew Dragon” escape capabilities. That is today test will prove that in a unlikely event of an emergency during a real launch the crew system can protect and carry astronauts to safety detached from the launch vehicle. Here is official NASA Release on the test https://go.nasa.gov/2uYT9jr.

Gaganyaan – Is it important for us – India Pad Abort Test 2018 July 5th :  as you are already aware of Gaganyaan Mission of ISRO .. in July 2018 ISRO also conducted a “Pad Abort Test” see the video here https://youtu.be/zNpGv0lcLJI . So today launch though not directly imp for us but any experiment in space that to when related to Human Space Flight is important to observe. This yearend 2020 ISRO also plans to conduct a Unamanned launch of GSLV MKIII with its own “Crew Module” as a preparation for Gaganyaaan. SPACEX conducted there Pad Abort Test in 6th May 2015.
  

ISRO GSAT 30 Launch 2.35 a.m. 17 Jan 2020 - Ariane-5/Arianespace

Today (17 Jan) Early morning hours at 2.35 a.m. ISRO's "GSAT-30 satellite" a 3357 kg communication satellite is scheduled for launch through a European launch vehicle called "Ariane-5" (VA 251) from French Guiana on January 17, 2020 at 0235 hrs IST. Details of launch and Satellite can be understood through this 5 mins video released by ISRO https://youtu.be/NmCC_1s4a28 Here is the link to watch this launch live broadcast from 2 a.m. 17 Jan 2020 on Launch agency "Arianespace Youtube Channel" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l0oRWrINDHo Along with GSAT 30 in the same launch vehicle another Satellite called EUTELSAT KONNECT belonging to Eutelsat Company will also be launched. This Satellite belongs to Eutelsat Company which is the worlds third-largest Satellite Operator. Eutelsat's satellites across the world are used for broadcasting by nearly 7,000 television stations, of which 1,400 are in HD, and 1,100 radio stations to over 274 million cable and satellite homes.

GSAT-30 update 20 Jan 2020 :
After the injection of GSAT-30 communication satellite into an elliptical Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit (GTO) on January 17, 2020, all the three orbit raising manoeuvers have been completed successfully as planned using the satellite's propulsion system.
The cumulative duration of operation of the propulsion system for these manuoeuvres is 2 hours 29 minutes.

The satellite solar panels and antennas have been deployed and the satellite is placed in an orbit with a perigee (nearest point from Earth) of 35, 826 km and an apogee (farthest point from Earth) of 35,913 km with an inclination of 0.11 deg which is very close to its operational orbit.

First Eclipse of Year and Decade - Penumbral Lunar Eclipse 10/11 Jan 2020

The First Eclipse of the year a Lunar eclipse termed scientifically as “Penumblar Lunar Eclipse” will occur on 10th January 2020 from 10.36 p.m. to 2.44 a .m. on 11 Jan 2020 but unnoticeable to bare eyes. Even watching with binoculars, telescopes will not make much difference. Why is it unnoticeable and other details watch this interview. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4NwwQpRt54Y
This is first of Six Eclipses which will occur this year i.e. Two Solar Eclipses (on 21 June, on 14 Dec) and Four Lunar Eclipses (on 10Jan, 5June, 5July, 30Nov) will occur.
However, the Solar Eclipse on 21 June is the only one visible in India that too in its partial phases while the rest of five Eclipses of 2020 are unnoticeable or not visible. 10th Jan –Eclipse for Rituals: Though PSI can’t comment or suggest about Eclipse Rituals we have observed historically or generally, only the Umbra phase is considered as actual eclipse by the general public to follow various rituals and traditions since ages. Whereas unnoticeable Penumbra passage of moon from earth’s lighter shadow without any darkening of Moon was never considered.


Lunar Eclipse Occurs on 10 Jan – Why Not Noticeable? : Scientifically speaking the phenomena of “Lunar Eclipse” will occur on 10th Jan 2020. However, it’s not noticeable to the naked eye because the moon passes through lighter outer shadow (penumbra) of Earth and no notable darkening can be witnessed.


Whereas if Moon was to pass through darker shadow (umbra) people would have witnessed darkening of Moon with bare eyes. (Please see explanation/notes below about eclipse, umbra, and penumbra).

Earth at Closest Point To Sun 5 Jan 2020 - Perihelion

Today at 1.07pm Noon 5th Jan 2020 Planet Earth reached closest point it can get to Sun in its annual elliptical orbit around Sun at 0.9832436 AU i.e 14,70,91,149 km from Sun for 2020. Astronomically this is phenomena is known as “Perihelion”. 


Whereas on 4th  July 2020 Earth will be at Aphelion at 1.0166943 AU (15,20,95,302 km) from Sun i.e. it will be at farthest point from Sun. In other words Earth tomorrow will be 50,04,153 km closer to earth compared to 4th  July 2020.   Though people cannot observe this event. 

This event is of greatest importance with educational potential for students and public to understand to remove general misconception relating to weather.

Distance not Reason for Season: Commonly it is believed that Distance of Earth to Sun decides the season or temperature on earth. However it is  not  true.  Actually axial tilt (approx. 23.5 Degree) of Earth on its axis while revolving around Sun regulates seasons on planet Earth with one of the Hemisphere facing away or towards Sun.

Evidence/Example: It may be noted when Earth is closest to Sun at beginning of year
2020 its cold with winter in India & most of countries in Northern Hemisphere. Whereas it’s summer in Southern Hemisphere countries.

Also in July when Earth is at farthest point from Sun it’s mostly hot in India compared to what it is January. This clearly shows Distance of Earth to Sun doesn’t decide the Season but its tilt.